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PLGA Nanoparticles Formed by Single- or Double-emulsion with Vitamin E-TPGS
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Electrosprayed PLGA Nanoparticles for Dual Drug Delivery: Design, Optimization and Applications.

Bahareh Azimi1,2, Fatemeh Ahmadpoor3, Alessia Tozzi1

  • 1Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, largo Lucio Lazzarino 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy.

Polymers
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrospray fabrication of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles offers precise control over drug delivery systems. This method optimizes nanoparticle properties for tailored drug release and advanced therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
PLGA nanoparticledrug release kineticselectrosprayingmathematical modellingnanoparticle detachmenttargeted drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biocompatible, biodegradable polymer extensively used in drug delivery systems (DDSs).
  • PLGA nanoparticles are versatile carriers due to their tunable properties and degradation into natural metabolites.
  • Electrospray processing offers a scalable method for fabricating PLGA nanoparticles with controlled characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of electrospray-fabricated PLGA nanoparticles.
  • To explore the relationship between processing conditions, polymer structure, and nanoparticle performance.
  • To analyze strategies for tailoring drug release profiles and designing advanced DDSs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of electrospray (electrohydrodynamic atomization) technique for PLGA nanoparticle fabrication.
  • Analysis of structure-property relationships in electrospray-PLGA nanoparticles.
  • Examination of drug release mechanisms (diffusion, degradation) and structural design strategies (core-shell, surface-functionalized).

Main Results:

  • Electrospray enables precise control over nanoparticle size, morphology, and internal structure.
  • Processing parameters significantly influence nanoparticle formation and drug release kinetics.
  • Various structural designs can be achieved to enable controlled and sequential drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Electrospray is a highly effective technique for engineering PLGA nanoparticles for advanced DDSs.
  • Understanding process-structure-property relationships is key to optimizing nanoparticle performance.
  • Further research into modeling and addressing technical challenges will advance electrospray-based drug delivery.