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Serum CD93 as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Endometrial Cancer: A Case-Control Study
İsmail Bağlar1, Fatih Şanlıkan2, Esra Keles2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, 34865 Istanbul, Türkiye.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 13, 2026
Summary
Serum CD93 levels are significantly lower in endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients compared to controls. Lower CD93 is an independent diagnostic marker for EC, showing promising potential as a non-invasive biomarker.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
- Gynecologic Oncology
Background:
- CD93, an angiogenesis-related glycoprotein, is downregulated in endometrial carcinoma (EC).
- Circulating CD93 protein levels in EC patients have not been previously evaluated.
- Understanding CD93's role may offer new diagnostic avenues for EC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess serum CD93 as a diagnostic biomarker for EC.
- To investigate the association between serum CD93 levels and EC clinicopathological parameters.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 46 EC patients and 35 controls.
- Serum CD93 concentrations measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
- Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses performed.
Main Results:
- Serum CD93 was significantly lower in EC patients (median 4.55 ng/mL) versus controls (median 10.24 ng/mL; p < 0.001).
- Lower CD93 independently predicted EC (OR = 0.521; p < 0.001), with ROC analysis yielding an AUC of 0.845.
- Sensitivity was 82.6% and specificity was 74.3% at a cut-off of 7.338 ng/mL.
Conclusions:
- Serum CD93 is significantly reduced in EC patients.
- Serum CD93 demonstrates independent diagnostic performance for EC.
- Further validation in larger cohorts may establish serum CD93 as a non-invasive EC biomarker.
