Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...

Glucose Transporters

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Automated segmentation reveals sex-divergent age-related decline in temporalis muscle volume among Asian adults.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Mandibular Advancement for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Efficacy and the Trade-off of Expiratory Velopharyngeal Obstruction During Sleep Endoscopy - An Exploratory Observational Study.

Nature and science of sleep·2026

Same author

Advancements in fire-related toxic gas detection and prophylactic strategies: A focus on cyanide concentration analysis and antidote efficacy in controlled smoke inhalation models.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Audiovestibular Dysfunction in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review of Human Primary Clinical Evidence.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Longitudinal Multi-Domain Cognitive Assessment of Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibodies Versus Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Geriatrics & gerontology international·2026

Same author

Stabler Sign Secondary to Postoperative Breast Hematoma: CT Evidence of Extraperitoneal Blood Tracking.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Differential Acute Kidney Injury Profiles of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Chih-Sung Liang^1,2, Chih-Wei Hsu³, Jiann-Jy Chen^4,5

¹Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|May 13, 2026

Summary

High-dose tirzepatide may increase acute kidney injury (AKI) risk, unlike other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. Clinicians should monitor renal vulnerability in patients prescribed these medications.

Keywords:

GLP-1 receptor agonist SGLT2 inhibitor acute kidney injury adverse effects network meta-analysis tirzepatide

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Pharmacology
Metabolic Diseases

Background:

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) show chronic kidney disease benefits.
The impact of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is on acute kidney injury (AKI) remains uncertain.
Previous studies may obscure drug-specific renal risks by categorizing diverse agents together.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the comparative AKI risk of individual GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is at specific doses.
To assess medication-specific renal risks beyond general renoprotection assumptions.

Main Methods:

Conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) of 67 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 199,877 participants.
Systematic literature search across eight databases for trials reporting AKI outcomes with GLP-1RA or SGLT2i interventions.
Calculated odds ratios (ORs) and credible intervals (CrIs); used surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) for safety rankings.

Main Results:

High-dose tirzepatide (10-15 mg/week) was linked to a significantly increased AKI risk (absolute risk difference: 0.28%).
Lixisenatide, high-dose canagliflozin (300 mg/day), empagliflozin, and dapagliflozin showed reduced AKI risk.
High-dose tirzepatide was consistently ranked as the most likely agent to induce AKI.

Conclusions:

High-dose tirzepatide may elevate AKI risk despite its metabolic benefits.
Lixisenatide, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and high-dose canagliflozin appear to reduce AKI risk.
Clinicians must consider renal vulnerability, especially in patients with preserved kidney function, when prescribing these agents.