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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
08:56

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis

Published on: February 10, 2015

Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure-Associated

Izabela Żółnowska1,2, Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak3, Marta Belka2,3

  • 1Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...

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Lutein, a carotenoid, shows promise in treating liver disease linked to parenteral nutrition (PN). A new nanoformulation of lutein demonstrated safety and effectiveness in an in vitro model of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD).

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Nanomedicine

Background:

  • Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a serious complication of parenteral nutrition (PN) with limited treatment options.
  • Lutein, a xanthophyll carotenoid, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
  • Developing effective delivery methods for lutein in PN patients is crucial due to its poor water solubility and lack of enteral intake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of lutein in mitigating IFALD using an in vitro model.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of a novel human serum albumin-based lutein nanoformulation for intravenous administration.

Main Methods:

  • An in vitro IFALD model was created using human THLE-2 hepatocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide and Intralipid.
Keywords:
clinical nutritiondrug deliveryhuman serum albuminnanocarriersnanoparticlesnon-provitamin A carotenoidsparenteral nutritionparenteral nutrition-associated liver diseasexanthophylls

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
08:56

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis

Published on: February 10, 2015

  • Lutein's effects on inflammatory and metabolic signaling pathways were analyzed using multiplex immunoassay.
  • Gene expression related to lipid metabolism was quantified using qPCR.
  • The cyto- and hemocompatibility of the lutein nanoformulation were evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • Lutein modulated key signaling pathways including MAPKs, NF-κB, Akt, STAT5, CREB, and p70S6K, reducing inflammation and metabolic stress.
    • Lutein influenced lipid metabolism by decreasing SREBF2 and restoring ABCA1 and PRKAA2 mRNA levels.
    • The lutein nanoformulation (approx. 160 nm) was non-toxic to hepatocytes and hemocompatible.

    Conclusions:

    • Lutein demonstrates significant potential in ameliorating IFALD by regulating inflammatory and metabolic signaling.
    • The developed lutein nanoformulation is safe and suitable for intravenous delivery, offering a promising therapeutic strategy.
    • Further research into lutein-based interventions is warranted for patients with IFALD receiving PN.