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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Published on: November 24, 2021

Proof of Concept for a Controlled Raman-Compatible Skin-Mimicking Hydrogel Substrate for Chemical Imaging Technique

Kevser Kemik¹, Charlotte De Bleye¹, Pierre-Yves Sacré²

¹Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, ViBra-Santé HUB, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liege (ULiege), Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 13, 2026

Summary

A new hydrogel substrate mimics skin for optimizing nanoparticle deposition in Surface-Enhanced Raman Chemical Imaging (SER-CI). This controlled model ensures uniform analyte distribution, improving imaging accuracy and accelerating method development.

Keywords:

Raman imaging SERS chemical imaging (SER-CI)chemical imaging drying kinetics hydrogel substrate mixed modelling model characterization silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)spatial homogeneity

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Surface-Enhanced Raman Chemical Imaging (SER-CI) quality depends on uniform metallic nanoparticle deposition.
Biological sample heterogeneity complicates optimization of nanoparticle deposition protocols.
A controlled model is essential for optimizing deposition parameters in SER-CI.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a repeatable, spatially homogeneous dried hydrogel substrate for optimizing nanoparticle deposition.
To establish a controlled experimental model for evaluating deposition techniques in SER-CI.
To enable systematic evaluation of deposition methods without biological variability.

Main Methods:

Development of a dried gelatine-agarose hydrogel with uniform diphenhydramine hydrochloride distribution.
Confocal Raman imaging to assess analyte distribution and imaging performance (RSD, DHI).
Drying kinetics modeling and application in Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) chemical imaging.

Main Results:

The hydrogel demonstrated excellent spatial homogeneity and repeatable batch production.
Confocal Raman imaging showed low intra-day (3.6-8.2%) and inter-day (6.5%) RSD.
SERS imaging confirmed diphenhydramine hydrochloride detectability and concentration proportionality within the hydrogel matrix.

Conclusions:

The developed hydrogel serves as a standardized matrix for evaluating nanoparticle deposition homogeneity.
This model effectively distinguishes method performance from sample artefacts, accelerating SER-CI development.
The hydrogel platform facilitates optimization of deposition techniques for enhanced chemical imaging.