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Integrating Green Process Engineering With Whole-Cell Catalysis to Intensify Sustainable Glucaric Acid Production.

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  • 1State Key Laboratory for the Development & Utilization of Forest Food Resource, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|May 13, 2026
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Summary

Engineered Gluconobacter oxydans efficiently produce glucaric acid (GA) from glucuronic acid (GlcA). This whole-cell biocatalysis achieved 10.27 g/L GA, offering a sustainable and industrially viable platform.

Keywords:
adaptive acclimationglucaric acidgluconobacter oxydansmolecular dynamics simulationmultiple intensification strategies

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biocatalysis
  • Metabolic Engineering

Background:

  • Glucaric acid (GA) is a valuable food additive.
  • Current production methods for GA face limitations in efficiency and scalability.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of biocatalysis is crucial for process optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a whole-cell biocatalytic process for glucaric acid (GA) production using engineered Gluconobacter oxydans.
  • To elucidate the molecular basis of acid-intensified biocatalysis for enhanced GA yield.
  • To establish a sustainable and industrially viable platform for GA manufacturing.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered Gluconobacter oxydans for whole-cell biocatalysis.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations to investigate enzyme-substrate interactions.
  • Multi-strategy optimization including pH regulation, high-density biocatalysis, and cell recycling.
  • Bioreactor scale-up for industrial application.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an effective production of 10.27 g/L glucaric acid (GA).
  • Reached a productivity of 0.21 g/L/h, a 366.4% intensification over unregulated systems.
  • Molecular dynamics confirmed stabilization of dehydrogenase and GlcA via van der Waals and hydrogen bonds in acidic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed whole-cell biocatalytic process is highly efficient and economically feasible.
  • The study provides insights into the molecular mechanism of acid-intensified biocatalysis.
  • This work presents a sustainable and industrially applicable platform for glucaric acid production.