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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

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Published on: December 7, 2018

Visual Search Performance in Children With ASD: A Combined Case-Control and Longitudinal Study.

Naisan Raji1, Iskra Todorova1, Leonie Polzer1

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual search performance in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) changes over time. Faster, more accurate visual search in ASD was linked to greater social communication challenges.

Keywords:
attentionautism spectrum disordereye‐trackingsocial communicationvisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Developmental psychology

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is linked to differences in attention, often showing enhanced visual search.
  • Previous research suggests a visual search advantage in individuals with ASD, but longitudinal data is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the longitudinal development of visual search skills in preschoolers with ASD.
  • To compare visual search performance between children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children over approximately three years.
  • To investigate the relationship between visual search performance and ASD symptom severity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eye-tracking to measure visual search accuracy and time to target in a single-feature visual search task.
  • Recruited preschoolers with ASD (n=60) and age-matched TD children (n=50).
  • Assessed participants at baseline and after a 3-year follow-up period, correlating performance with parent-reported ASD symptoms.

Main Results:

  • At baseline, both ASD and TD groups exhibited similar visual search accuracy and time to target.
  • By the 3-year follow-up, the ASD group demonstrated significantly lower visual search accuracy and shorter time to target compared to the TD group.
  • Within the ASD cohort, enhanced visual search (higher accuracy, shorter time) correlated with increased social communication impairments.

Conclusions:

  • The assumed ASD advantage in visual search may be less pronounced or context-dependent than previously thought.
  • Visual search performance differences between ASD and TD groups emerge over time during early development.
  • Faster and more accurate visual search in ASD may be associated with specific symptom profiles, highlighting heterogeneity within the spectrum.