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Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Psychological First Aid Competence (PFAC) Scale for Emergency
Nahid Rajai1, Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh2, Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh3
1Critical Care Nursing department, Faculty of Nursing Aja University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Health Science Reports
|May 13, 2026
Summary
A new scale, the Psychological First Aid Competence (PFAC) scale, has been developed to assess emergency responders
Area of Science:
- Psychological First Aid (PFA) assessment for emergency responders.
- Development and validation of a psychometric tool for PFA competence.
Background:
- Lack of a psychometrically sound tool to assess emergency responders' PFA competence.
- Existing tools do not specifically cater to the unique demands faced by emergency personnel.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate the Psychological First Aid Competence (PFAC) scale.
- To provide a reliable measure for assessing PFA skills among diverse emergency responders.
Main Methods:
- Sequential-exploratory mixed-methods design with qualitative and quantitative phases.
- Qualitative content analysis of 24 semi-structured interviews with emergency responders.
- Quantitative survey of 238 responders, employing exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing.
Main Results:
- A 27-item PFAC scale was developed, comprising three factors: ethical/belief-based responses, psychological responses, and victim reactions.
- The scale explained 36.94% of the variance in PFA competence.
- The PFAC scale demonstrated good internal consistency (α=0.85) and acceptable content validity.
Conclusions:
- The PFAC scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing PFA competence in emergency responders.
- Further research should include test-retest reliability and confirmatory factor analysis in varied settings.
