Modified Rush Technique With Plantaris Tendon Augmentation for Chronic Achilles Tendon Rupture: Surgical Technique...

Background Chronic Achilles tendon rupture remains a challenging condition, particularly in cases involving large tendon defects that preclude end-to-end repair. Among reconstructive options, techniques using local tissues avoid the donor-site morbidity associated with tendon transfers. This study describes a modified gastrosoleus fascial turndown flap based on the Rush technique, reinforced with the plantaris tendon, and reports preliminary clinical outcomes. Methodology A total of 13 patients presenting with chronic Achilles tendon rupture (≥4 weeks) with a defect ≥6 cm were included. All underwent reconstruction using a tubularized gastrosoleus fascial flap based on the Rush principle, combined with plantaris tendon augmentation in a framing configuration. Outcomes were assessed using the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and the ability to perform heel raises. Body mass index (BMI) was analyzed descriptively as an exploratory variable, given the limited sample size precluding formal statistical analysis. Results At a mean follow-up of 16.1 ± 2.7 months, the mean ATRS was 81.0 ± 3.9, and the mean AOFAS score was 83.9 ± 2.3. Patients performed a mean of 14.5 ± 1.3 single-leg heel raises. No reruptures or complications were observed. The mean BMI was 25.2 ± 3.4 kg/m², with a slight decrease in ATRS observed in overweight patients. Conclusions The modified Rush technique with plantaris tendon augmentation appears to be a reproducible biological option for the management of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures with large defects. In this preliminary series, satisfactory functional outcomes were observed, supporting the feasibility of a fully biological reconstruction strategy using local tissues without tendon sacrifice. This approach may represent a potential alternative to tendon transfers for defects ≥6 cm.