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Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a uterine...
Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

Toward a Menstrual-friendly School Environment: A Convergent Parallel Mixed Method Study.

Neeraj Pawar1, Aswani Kumar Seth2, Aayushi Goyal1

  • 1Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Menstrual hygiene management facilities in Indian schools are inadequate, with only half having proper toilets. Addressing infrastructure and stigma is crucial for girls

Keywords:
Organization and administrationprivacyschool teacherssocial stigmatoilet facilities

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Education
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is critical for adolescent girls' dignity and education.
  • Inadequate MHM facilities and social stigma contribute to school absenteeism and educational disparities.
  • This study focuses on evaluating MHM facilities and understanding teacher perspectives in Raebareli, India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the current state of menstrual hygiene management facilities in rural and peri-urban schools.
  • To explore teachers' views on the challenges and potential solutions for effective MHM in schools.

Main Methods:

  • A convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted in four government schools in Raebareli.
  • Facility assessments used a checklist based on India's 2015 MHM guidelines.
  • Teacher perspectives were gathered through focus group discussions and analyzed thematically.

Main Results:

  • Only 50% of schools provided adequate girls' toilets, and 25% had functional handwashing stations.
  • A significant lack of proper pad disposal systems (e.g., incinerators) was observed.
  • Teachers identified inadequate infrastructure, social stigma, policy gaps, and limited training as key barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Current MHM facilities in schools are insufficient to meet adolescent girls' needs.
  • Improvements require enhanced infrastructure, increased government support, and targeted awareness programs.
  • Appointing designated nodal teachers for MHM can foster a supportive school environment, improving attendance and educational outcomes.