Utility of Nanoparticles for Disinfection in Endodontics

The aim of the current scoping review is to provide an in-depth view of the disinfection methods using various forms of nanoparticles in endodontics. After registration (https://osf.io/jwq37), a search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Ebsco, and Lilacs. The research question based on the Population, Concept, and Context model framework was, "What are the efficient nanoparticles used for disinfection in the field of endodontics?" Studies that investigated different types of nanoparticles for disinfection in natural teeth (ex vivo) were included, while those from laboratory studies without involving natural dentin were excluded. Out of 1039 studies, 60 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included. Studies used a variety of nanoparticles in different forms, including nanoparticle-incorporated solutions, irrigants, medicaments, and sealers, tested against different organisms (mono-species and multispecies biofilms). These findings provide insights into the disinfection potentials of various nanoparticles in ex vivo models. While the clinical research remains uncertain, the results of the current review highlight the antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles under controlled conditions. Further clinical studies are necessary to establish effectiveness and translational potential in endodontic practice.