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Sleep Regularity as a Potentially Modifiable Factor for Osteoporosis Prevention: Interaction With Genetic
Hanhan Zhao1, Qiu Xiao1, Hao Wang1
1School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Journal of Pineal Research
|May 13, 2026
Summary
Maintaining regular sleep patterns is linked to a lower risk of developing osteoporosis. Irregular sleep, especially duration, increases osteoporosis risk, and can be mitigated by improving sleep regularity, even with genetic predispositions.
Area of Science:
- Bone Health Research
- Epidemiology
- Sleep Science
Background:
- Osteoporosis susceptibility is influenced by modifiable risk factors, yet epidemiological evidence on sleep regularity is limited.
- Sleep regularity's role in osteoporosis risk and its interaction with genetic factors requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between sleep regularity parameters and incident osteoporosis.
- To investigate the interaction between sleep regularity and genetic risk for osteoporosis.
- To assess the potential of improving sleep regularity to mitigate osteoporosis risk.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal analysis of 87,231 UK Biobank participants (2013-2023) without prior osteoporosis.
- Sleep regularity assessed via within-person standard deviation of accelerometer-tracked sleep parameters (duration, onset, midpoint).
- Investigated associations between sleep regularity, osteoporosis risk, and gene-sleep interactions using Cox proportional hazards models.
Main Results:
- Higher standard deviation (SD) in sleep duration, onset, and midpoint correlated with increased osteoporosis risk (HRs 1.17-1.21).
- Sleep duration SD had the highest population attributable fraction for osteoporosis.
- Significant additive gene-sleep interaction identified; highest genetic risk and irregular sleep nearly doubled osteoporosis risk (HRs 2.22-2.24).
Conclusions:
- Irregular sleep patterns are associated with a higher risk of developing osteoporosis.
- Improving sleep regularity can mitigate the impact of genetic predisposition on osteoporosis risk.
- Stable sleep patterns may be a crucial modifiable factor for osteoporosis prevention.
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