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Published on: August 13, 2019
Autologous guided bone regeneration: a comprehensive narrative review
Zhi-Hao Yu1, Xiang-Yi Deng2, Zhi-Qiang Fan3
1Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shangrao People's Hospital, Jiangxi, China.
Molecular Biology Reports
|May 13, 2026
Summary
Autologous Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) uses the body's own materials to repair bone defects, promoting healing by guiding bone cell growth. This review details its mechanisms, innovations, and future potential in orthopedic and dental surgery.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Bone defects pose significant challenges in orthopedic and oral-maxillofacial surgery, impacting skeletal integrity and functional recovery.
- Autologous Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) is a key strategy for treating various bone defects, including fractures, nonunions, and alveolar augmentation.
- The core mechanism involves barrier membranes creating a conducive microenvironment for bone regeneration via selective cell occlusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the current research, mechanisms, technical advancements, challenges, and future directions of Autologous GBR.
- To analyze the roles of autologous bone, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and growth factors in bone regeneration.
- To explore innovations in surgical techniques, barrier membranes, and cell-molecular studies underpinning GBR.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review synthesizing domestic and international literature on Autologous GBR.
- Analysis of core mechanisms, including selective cell occlusion theory and the function of barrier membranes.
- Examination of autologous components (bone, bone marrow, growth factors) and technical innovations (harvesting, membranes).
Main Results:
- Autologous GBR effectively treats bone defects by leveraging osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties of autologous bone.
- Mesenchymal stem cells from autologous bone marrow and growth factors (BMP, TGF-β) are crucial for osteoblast differentiation and signaling.
- Technical advances include optimized site-specific bone harvesting and advanced barrier membranes (PLGA/collagen, ePTFE).
Conclusions:
- Autologous GBR is a highly effective therapeutic strategy for bone regeneration, supported by its core mechanisms and autologous components.
- Ongoing challenges include surgical infection, immune rejection, and osseointegration, necessitating further research.
- Future prospects involve integrating 3D-printed scaffolds, gene therapy, and tissue engineering for complex bone defect treatments.
