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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
A gas chromatograph consists of a long, narrow capillary column with a polysiloxane coating on the inner wall. The coating...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)
11:00

Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)

Published on: May 20, 2013

Comparative development of volatile-oriented multi-SPME and derivatisation-based GC×GC-TOFMS workflows for

Thibaut Dejong1, Kinjal Bhatt1, Anaïs Rodrigues1

  • 1University of Liège, Molecular Systems, Organic & Biological Analytical Chemistry Group (OBiAChem), 11 Allée du Six Août, Liège, 4000, Belgium.

Talanta
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a rapid, solvent-free solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method for analyzing fecal metabolites using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The new workflow enhances non-targeted metabolomics by improving sample preparation and analytical coverage.

Keywords:
Data fusionGC×GC-TOFMSMicrobiomeMulti-SPMENon-target screening

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Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS)
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Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS)

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)
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Preparation of Drosophila Larval Samples for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)-based Metabolomics

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Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS)
07:34

Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS)

Published on: March 14, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Metabolomics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is crucial for metabolomics but often requires chemical derivatization for non-volatile compounds, increasing preparation time and variability.
  • Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) offers a faster, solvent-free alternative for volatile and semi-volatile compounds, yet its integration with comprehensive two-dimensional GC-MS (GC×GC-MS) is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize a simultaneous multi-SPME GC×GC-TOFMS workflow for non-targeted screening of fecal samples.
  • To evaluate the workflow's performance, including technical reproducibility and analyte stability.
  • To apply the method to NIST-generated stool reference materials to investigate dietary and preservation effects.

Main Methods:

  • A simultaneous multi-SPME sampling strategy using three identical fibers for technical replicates.
  • Optimization of fiber storage conditions and evaluation of GC×GC column configurations.
  • Application to stool reference materials and comparison with derivatization-based metabolomic and lipidomic workflows.

Main Results:

  • The multi-SPME GC×GC-TOFMS workflow demonstrated strong technical reproducibility (10% RSD) and effective analyte preservation.
  • Multivariate analysis clearly discriminated between vegan and omnivore diets and between aqueous and lyophilized sample preservation methods.
  • Data-fusion analysis revealed complementary information from volatile, metabolomic, and lipidomic profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SPME-based GC×GC-MS workflow provides a robust, efficient, and solvent-free approach for non-targeted fecal metabolomics.
  • This method offers practical guidance for analyzing complex biological matrices and highlights the value of multi-extraction techniques for comprehensive coverage.