[The application of Janus kinase inhibitors for the common pediatric dermatological disorders]

Janus kinase(JAK) inhibitors can effectively regulate excessive immune and inflammatory responses by targeting and blocking the JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway. This provides an important direction for breaking through the traditional limitations in the treatment of immune-related skin diseases in children. This article reviews the mechanism of action of JAK inhibitors and the approved indications, and systematically summarizes the current application status of these inhibitors in the treatment of pediatric dermatological disorders. In common pediatric skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, and psoriasis, JAK inhibitors, both topical and oral formulations, have been preliminarily verified for their effectiveness through basic research and clinical trials. Some drugs have received approval for specific pediatric populations, providing new options for clinical treatment. Currently, the application of JAK inhibitors in the pediatric field still faces challenges, such as widespread off-label use, insufficient high-quality clinical research evidence, and potential safety risks that need to be addressed. Future studies should focus on comprehensive and rigorous investigations to define optimized therapeutic strategies for this intervention in pediatric populations, advance its standardization in clinical practice, support the precise prevention and management of pediatric dermatological disorders, and ultimately address unmet needs in both clinical care and public health protection.