Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Anatomy Curriculum and Teaching Insights From Medical Students in the United Kingdom: A National Survey.

Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Assisted dying and the silencing of medicine's next generation.

Lancet (London, England)·2026

Same author

National study of medical education, ethical attitudes and curricular exposure to voluntary assisted dying by VOICE (Views Of Incoming Clinicians on End-of-life care).

Future healthcare journal·2026

Same author

Comprehensive Structural MRI Phenotyping in <i>Oligophrenin 1-</i>Related Disorder Reveals Characteristic Brain Malformations.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2026

Same author

A prognostic human brain network for diffuse midline glioma.

Nature·2026

Same author

Scar-specific outcomes following minimally invasive versus conventional median sternotomy in cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Perfusion·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Neuroimaging in cerebral folate deficiencies.

Asthik Biswas¹, Karanjot Chhatwal^2,3, Rahul Singh⁴

¹Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, WC1N 3JH, UK. asthik.biswas@gosh.nhs.uk.

Pediatric Radiology

|May 13, 2026

Summary

Cerebral folate deficiency involves low 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in cerebrospinal fluid, causing neurological issues. Early diagnosis and treatment, aided by neuroimaging, can reverse symptoms.

Keywords:

Calcification Folate Myelin Neuroimaging Vitamin B12 White matter

More Related Videos

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Published on: June 28, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Published on: June 28, 2024

Area of Science:

Neurology
Biochemistry
Genetics

Background:

Cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) is characterized by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF).
It stems from primary defects in folate transport/metabolism or secondary causes.
Symptoms manifest from infancy to adulthood, including developmental delay, seizures, and cognitive/neuropsychiatric issues.

Purpose of the Study:

To review folate biochemistry and CNS transport mechanisms.
To discuss genetic defects causing CFD.
To outline neuroimaging findings in primary and secondary CFD and differential diagnoses.

Main Methods:

Literature review of folate metabolism, transport, and genetics.
Analysis of neuroimaging features in CFD.
Comparison with cobalamin-related disorders.

Main Results:

Folate is crucial for one-carbon metabolism, nucleotide synthesis, methylation, and myelin production.
Disrupted folate pathways lead to white matter abnormalities, calcifications, atrophy, and stroke-like lesions on imaging.
Cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency is a key differential diagnosis.

Conclusions:

CFD presents with diverse neurological and imaging findings.
Neuroimaging plays a vital role in diagnosing and monitoring CFD.
Timely recognition and therapy can lead to reversible outcomes in many CFD cases.