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Related Concept Videos

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Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
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Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
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Veins of Lower Limbs

The human body consists of an intricate network of veins responsible for the crucial task of blood drainage from the lower limbs. These veins can be categorized into two main types: deep veins and superficial veins.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
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Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Human Vastus Lateralis Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Using the Weil-Blakesley Conchotome
07:16

Human Vastus Lateralis Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Using the Weil-Blakesley Conchotome

Published on: March 4, 2016

Muscle Herniae in the Lower Leg.

Corrado Antonetti1, Nat Padhiar2, Otto Chan3

  • 1Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Muscle hernias, often affecting athletes, require personalized treatment. Minimally invasive fasciotomy shows promise for effective surgical repair with good outcomes.

Keywords:
minimally invasive fasciotomymuscle herniaesurgery

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Collection of Skeletal Muscle Biopsies from the Superior Compartment of Human Musculus Tibialis Anterior for Mechanical Evaluation

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Human Vastus Lateralis Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Using the Weil-Blakesley Conchotome
07:16

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Published on: March 4, 2016

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
08:43

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination

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Collection of Skeletal Muscle Biopsies from the Superior Compartment of Human Musculus Tibialis Anterior for Mechanical Evaluation
05:18

Collection of Skeletal Muscle Biopsies from the Superior Compartment of Human Musculus Tibialis Anterior for Mechanical Evaluation

Published on: September 27, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Muscle hernias involve muscle protrusion through fascial defects, commonly in the leg's anterior compartment.
  • These hernias affect young, athletic individuals, causing pain and functional impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for muscle hernias.
  • To evaluate emerging surgical techniques, including minimally invasive fasciotomy.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted.
  • Epidemiological, diagnostic, and treatment outcome data were synthesized.

Main Results:

  • Dynamic ultrasound is the primary diagnostic method.
  • Conservative treatment has limited success; surgical options include fasciotomy, mesh repair, suture, and grafting.
  • Minimally invasive fasciotomy offers excellent results with low complication rates.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized treatment is crucial for muscle hernias.
  • Minimally invasive fasciotomy is a promising surgical approach.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to standardize treatment indications.