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Network diffusion modeling predicts spatiotemporal gray matter alterations in internet gaming disorder.

Shaoyu Cui¹, Min Wang², Xuefeng Xu¹

¹https://ror.org/00sc9n023Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.

Psychological Medicine

|May 14, 2026

Summary

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Network diffusion models reveal key brain regions involved in internet gaming disorder (IGD). The study identified the cingulate gyrus and amygdala as critical epicenters for neuropathological changes in IGD.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Computational Psychiatry

Background:

Neuropathological alterations may spread through brain networks, as suggested by network diffusion models (NDMs).
NDM application to internet gaming disorder (IGD) remains underexplored.
This study aimed to identify neuroanatomical alteration epicenters in IGD using NDM.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the propagation patterns of neuroanatomical alterations in Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD).
To identify potential epicenters of gray matter volume (GMV) changes in IGD using Network Diffusion Models (NDM).
To correlate brain structural changes with gaming craving severity.

Main Methods:

Structural MRI data from 288 IGD patients and 165 controls were analyzed.

Keywords:

Brain connectome Cognitive control Disease epicenter Disease progression Gaming craving Gray matter volume Internet gaming disorder Network diffusion model Neuropathological spread Reward system Structural MRI Subcortical gray matter

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Gray matter volume (GMV) was computed and segmented using CAT12 and the Brainnetome Atlas.

NDM simulated pathology propagation to pinpoint GMV alteration epicenters and correlated Laplacian eigenmodes with observed patterns.

Main Results:

IGD patients showed altered GMV, with notable reductions in the caudal cuneus gyrus, precentral/postcentral gyri, and cingulate cortex, alongside amygdala volume increases.
The pallidus and putamen exhibited positive correlations with gaming craving.
The right cingulate gyrus and left amygdala were identified as significant disease dissemination epicenters by the NDM.

Conclusions:

Gray matter abnormalities in IGD can predict the temporal progression of pathology.
Increased subcortical GMV in reward-related regions correlates with gaming craving severity, aligning with addiction models of altered reward processing.