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Related Concept Videos

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview01:19

Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview

The Wittig reaction is the conversion of carbonyl compounds-aldehydes and ketones-to alkenes using phosphorus ylides, or the Wittig reagent. The reaction was pioneered by Prof. Georg Wittig, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Ruthenium Complexes Containing Pyridinyl-Derived Ligands as FLP Catalysts.

Alejandro Grasa1, Hannah Middlebrook1, Réka Anna Józsa1

  • 1Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.

Inorganic Chemistry
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ruthenium-based frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) complexes were synthesized and demonstrated reversible hydrogen activation. These transition-metal FLP (TMFLP) catalysts efficiently hydrogenate various unsaturated bonds, including C=C, C=O, and C=N.

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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
19:58

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Published on: July 30, 2017

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) are Lewis acid-base pairs that remain reactive due to steric hindrance.
  • Transition-metal FLPs (TMFLPs) combine FLP reactivity with metal-centered catalysis.
  • Developing novel TMFLP systems for challenging chemical transformations is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel ruthenium-based frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) complexes.
  • To investigate the hydrogen activation capabilities of these complexes.
  • To evaluate their efficacy as catalysts for hydrogenation reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of ruthenium complexes with guanidinate (L1) and amidate (L2) ligands.
  • Chloride abstraction and deprotonation to form FLP complexes.
  • Spectroscopic characterization and reactivity studies, including H2 activation and catalytic hydrogenation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized ruthenium-based FLP complexes 1 (L1) and 4 (L2).
  • Demonstrated reversible heterolytic activation of H2 by complexes 1 and 4.
  • Observed catalytic hydrogenation of C=C, C=O, and C=N bonds with high efficiency, including reactions in water.

Conclusions:

  • Ruthenium FLP complexes exhibit reversible H2 activation.
  • These TMFLP complexes are effective catalysts for diverse hydrogenation reactions.
  • The developed catalytic system shows potential for green chemistry applications, such as reactions in aqueous media.