Real-World Treatment and Outcomes in Resectable Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Cancer: THASSOS-INTL Australia Cohort

Limited data exist on real-world treatment strategies and their impact on survival in Australian patients with NSCLC. THASSOS-INL (NCT04808050) evaluated the treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with early-stage NSCLC.

Australia cohort of THASSOS-INTL, non-interventional, multicenter, retrospective study enrolled patients aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with stage IA-IIIB resectable NSCLC between January 2013 and December 2017. The primary outcomes included treatment patterns and associated 3-year survival rates. Secondary endpoints included clinico-demographic characteristics and their association with overall survival (OS).

Of 199 patients recruited (median [range] age: 67.0 [35.0-88.0] years), 53.8% were males, 87.4% were current smokers/ex-smokers, and 52.2% had an ECOG score of ≤ 1. A total of 42.2% patients had stage I, 28.1% had stage II, and 29.6% had stage III NSCLC. Adenocarcinoma was the predominant (56.8%) histological subtype. Overall, 97.0% patients underwent surgery. Neoadjuvant therapy was reported in 9.5%; adjuvant therapy was reported in 39.2%. The overall median OS was 6.0 years (95% CI: 5.200 NE) with a median 3 year survival probability rate of 70.5% (95% CI: 64.4%-77.2%). Age, increasing stages of NSCLC, disease progression, and EGFR mutations were associated with significant worsening of OS.

The study underscores the diverse treatment approaches prior to approval of immuno-targeted therapy, showing that fewer than half of the patients received AT with only a quarter of those receiving adjuvant ST. The study highlights the need for integrating molecular diagnostics, improving access to novel therapies, and a multidisciplinary team approach to improve survival in these patients.