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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

Hydrogel nanoparticle synthesis using liquid-solid separation for a more efficient, greener process.

Emily N Ingram1, Jason Stallings1, Mara Leach-Baughman1

  • 1Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Pigman College of Engineering, University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA m.chwatko@uky.edu.

RSC Advances
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a sustainable nanoparticle synthesis method using inverse nanoemulsions and crystallization, replacing toxic solvents and reducing waste. The novel approach offers improved environmental impact for producing nanoparticles for medical and cosmetic applications.

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional nanoparticle synthesis often relies on toxic solvents and generates significant waste during purification.
  • There is a growing need for environmentally friendly and sustainable methods in nanoparticle production for various industries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a greener nanoparticle synthesis protocol utilizing inverse nanoemulsions and crystallization for isolation.
  • To evaluate the sustainability and efficiency of the proposed method, including material recycling and waste reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized myristic acid inverse nanoemulsions with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA) at elevated temperatures.
  • Employed crystallization for liquid-solid separation to isolate nanoparticles, replacing traditional liquid-liquid separation.
  • Investigated nanoparticle size, recovery, and recyclability of the oil phase, alongside sustainability metrics (E-factor, PMI).

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized polymer nanogels with average particle sizes around 200 nm using PEG-DA.
  • Demonstrated successful recycling of myristic acid, maintaining consistent particle size in subsequent synthesis rounds.
  • Achieved an average E-factor of 19.7 ± 5.5 and PMI of 173.4 ± 56.1 with oil recycling, indicating improved sustainability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed crystallization-based nanoparticle synthesis offers a significant improvement in sustainability compared to conventional methods.
  • The protocol is versatile, enabling the encapsulation of sensitive materials like enzymes (lipase).
  • This work encourages the adoption of sustainable synthesis strategies for water-soluble monomers and macromers in nanoparticle production.