A pilot study: tail tip lesions in dairy cows - an unnoticed animal welfare issue?

The welfare of dairy cows is becoming increasingly important. While diseases like mastitis and lameness are common ailments, injuries to the tail tip go largely unnoticed. This study aimed to investigate whether tail tip lesions, which are mostly described in beef cattle, also occurred on $n=5$ dairy farms, along with determining what type and at what frequency. The study consisted of two phases. During the first part of the study, tail tips of 78 dairy cows were examined over a period of 6 months; based on these results, we developed a training card on tail tip lesions in dairy cows, which was used in part two of the study to train further examiners to inspect four more flocks. In total, we collected $n=3587$ tail records from $n=513$ Holstein and $n=128$ Simmental dairy cows. The overall frequency regarding all types of lesions ranged between 84.0 % ( $\pm 2.0$ ) and 94.1 % ( $\pm 1.8$ ) in Holstein herds and between 97.0 % ( $\pm 2.2$ ) and 99.0 % ( $\pm 2.2$ ) in Simmental herds. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of tail tip lesions in German dairy cows. We concluded that tail tip lesions might be a frequent yet unnoticed condition in German dairy cows.