A Rare Occurrence of Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis in Clavicle: Case Report

Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO) represents a chronic inflammatory bone condition which does not result from infectious pathogens. The non-bacterial osteomyelitis spectrum includes this condition, which affects children and teenagers through recurrent multifocal bone lesions. Although the exact etiology of CRMO remains unclear, current evidence suggests that autoinflammatory mechanisms play a significant role in its pathogenesis.

A 10-year-old female patient presented with right shoulder pain. The patient described the pain as 6/10 in intensity. The pain increased over the past 3 days. There was no significant trauma or systemic history. Physical examination showed a deformity and swelling in the right shoulder, tenderness in the acromioclavicular joint, and restricted shoulder movements due to pain. Ultrasound, direct radiography, computed tomography, whole-body magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical biopsy were performed.

CRMO should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients presenting with unexplained bone pain and swelling, particularly when common etiologies have been ruled out. A multidisciplinary approach is required for early diagnosis and correct treatment of CRMO, which is a multifactorial disease. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent functional losses and deformities that patients may experience.