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Updated: May 15, 2026

Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access
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Sequential Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Children with Cochlear Nerve Deficiency.

Zhencheng Gao1, Simeng Lu1, Xingmei Wei1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Journal of Otology
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
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Sequential bilateral cochlear implantation (BiCI) in children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) leads to significant long-term auditory and speech improvements. Some children even show enhanced speech perception with bilateral devices, suggesting BiCI is a viable option for selected CND patients.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric audiology

Background:

  • Cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) presents unique challenges for auditory rehabilitation.
  • Sequential bilateral cochlear implantation (BiCI) is a therapeutic approach for CND.
  • Long-term outcomes of BiCI in CND pediatric populations require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term auditory and speech development in children with CND following sequential BiCI.
  • To assess the efficacy of BiCI in improving speech recognition and auditory performance in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 16 children with CND who received sequential BiCI.
  • Auditory and speech abilities assessed using validated scales (CAP, IT-MAIS, SIR).
Keywords:
Cochlear implantationcochlear nerve deficiencysequential bilateral cochlear implantation

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

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  • Measurement of closed-set and open-set speech recognition before and after contralateral implantation.

    • Main Results:

    • Continuous auditory and speech progress observed post-implantation.
    • Improved closed-set speech recognition in all nine assessed patients after contralateral CI.
    • Four patients achieved >90% on closed-set tests; two demonstrated bilateral benefit.

    Conclusions:

    • Sequential BiCI yields favorable long-term auditory and speech outcomes in children with CND.
    • Some CND children experience enhanced speech perception with bilateral cochlear implants.
    • BiCI is a potentially effective option for carefully selected pediatric CND cases.