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Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models
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Published on: February 26, 2014

Meal-specific dietary patterns relate to memory functioning.

Maria Kossowska-Wywiał1, Oksana Kublanova1, Adrianna Zając1

  • 1Institute of Psychology, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Specific evening meals, especially those high in cheese, milk, or sweets, negatively impact memory. Analyzing meal-specific diets offers better insights into diet quality and cognitive function than general dietary patterns.

Keywords:
cognitive functionepisodic recognition memoryevening eating patternsmeal-specific dietary analysiswestern-style diet

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Dietary Science

Background:

  • General dietary patterns are linked to cognitive function, but the impact of specific meals remains understudied.
  • Understanding meal-specific effects is crucial for targeted dietary interventions to support memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between specific meal consumption and both subjective and objective memory performance in adults.
  • To identify detrimental food components within specific meals, particularly supper, affecting cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies involving adults aged 20-90 years, assessing dietary habits and memory (subjective and objective).
  • Analysis focused on meal-specific food consumption, including Western-style, animal-based, and plant-based diets.
  • Statistical analysis identified key food items and meal types associated with memory performance.

Main Results:

  • Higher intake of adverse foods, particularly at supper, correlated with poorer subjective memory.
  • Frequent supper cheese consumption was a strong predictor of self-reported memory decline.
  • Western-style and animal-based suppers were linked to reduced episodic recognition memory, especially in younger adults.
  • Milk products and sweets at supper showed the most significant negative impact on episodic memory.

Conclusions:

  • Meal-specific dietary analysis provides a more nuanced understanding of diet-cognition relationships than overall dietary patterns.
  • Supper composition, particularly cheese, milk-based products, and sweets, significantly influences memory performance.
  • Plant-based diets did not appear to counteract the negative cognitive effects of unhealthy supper choices.