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Related Concept Videos

Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
Conservation of Small Populations02:04

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less likely to...
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Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the human psyche...
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Psychometric framework for coexistence with large carnivores.

Benjamin Ghasemi1, Gerard Kyle1, Tara Teel2

  • 1Department of Rangeland, Wildlife, and Fisheries Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.

Conservation Biology : the Journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new scales to measure public willingness to coexist with carnivores. These tools help assess attitudes and beliefs, aiding biodiversity conservation efforts.

Keywords:
Actitudesattitudescoexistencecoexistenciaconflicto humanos – fauna silvestredepredadoresdimensiones humanashuman dimensionshuman–wildlife conflictintencionesintentionspredatorspsicometríapsychometricstolerancetolerancia人兽冲突人类维度共存容忍度心理测量学态度意图捕食者

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Area of Science:

  • Conservation Science
  • Human-Wildlife Interactions
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Human-carnivore coexistence is vital for biodiversity conservation.
  • Measuring attitudes and behaviors supporting coexistence is methodologically challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop and validate psychometric scales to assess willingness to coexist with carnivores.
  • Identify underlying beliefs, including perceived consequences and ethical considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Iterative expert elicitation based on risk perception theory and moral psychology.
  • Validation across three Colorado resident samples for gray wolves, mountain lions, and black bears.
  • Utilized expert review, cognitive interviews, confirmatory factor analyses, and measurement invariance testing.

Main Results:

  • Scales demonstrated strong construct validity, with factor structures aligning with theoretical expectations.
  • Evidence of convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity was established.
  • Scales showed associations with related attitudes and behavioral intentions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scales offer a robust, theory-driven framework for studying human-wildlife interactions.
  • These instruments facilitate standardized comparisons across species and contexts.
  • Provide practitioners with tools to assess public readiness for coexistence and design targeted interventions.