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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
08:53

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke

Published on: June 6, 2025

Network-level disconnectivity tracks poststroke depressive symptom improvement.

Aleksi J Sihvonen1,2,3,4, Sonia L E Brownsett3,4,5, David A Copland3,4,5

  • 1Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, Cognitive Brain Research Unit (CBRU), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Poststroke depression recovery is linked to a specific brain network. Maintaining the integrity of this network may help predict and treat depression after stroke.

Keywords:
connectivitydepressionlesionlesion network mappingstroke

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A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
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A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
08:53

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke

Published on: June 6, 2025

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Poststroke depression is a common and impactful condition following stroke.
  • Neurobiological biomarkers for poststroke depression recovery are not well understood.
  • This study investigates lesion-induced damage and network connectivity in relation to poststroke depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between brain lesions, network connectivity, and poststroke depression.
  • To identify neurobiological biomarkers for recovery from poststroke depression.
  • To explore the role of structural connectivity in longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-two stroke survivors were assessed for depression using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-SIGMA) at 3 and 12 months.
  • Voxel-based lesion-symptom and lesion network mapping were used to analyze lesion-symptom relationships.
  • Multi-shell diffusion-weighted MRI data from 29 participants were analyzed to assess longitudinal structural connectivity changes.

Main Results:

  • Lesions associated with poststroke depression were mapped to a network centered on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
  • Increased quantitative anisotropy within this network correlated with improved depressive symptoms over time.
  • No significant associations were found between lesions and focal brain structures.

Conclusions:

  • Depressive symptoms and their improvement after stroke are associated with a specific structural brain network.
  • The integrity of this prefrontal cortex-centered network is a potential biomarker for predicting poststroke depression.
  • These findings highlight the importance of network-level analysis in understanding poststroke mood disorders.