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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Scaled-Up Preparation of an Intermediate of Upatinib, ACT051-3
08:36

Scaled-Up Preparation of an Intermediate of Upatinib, ACT051-3

Published on: April 7, 2023

Dermatologic Toxicities Induced by JAK Inhibitors.

Luca Rapparini1,2, Michela Starace3,4, Zoe Apalla5

  • 1Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. luca.rapparini2@studio.unibo.it.

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors can cause skin issues like acne and infections, but these are usually manageable. Early recognition and dermatologic care are key for patients on JAK inhibitors.

More Related Videos

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
12:40

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

Published on: December 7, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Scaled-Up Preparation of an Intermediate of Upatinib, ACT051-3
08:36

Scaled-Up Preparation of an Intermediate of Upatinib, ACT051-3

Published on: April 7, 2023

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
12:40

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

Published on: December 7, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are widely used for immune-mediated diseases.
  • Growing use necessitates understanding their safety, especially cutaneous adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review dermatologic toxicities of systemic and topical JAK inhibitors.
  • To inform clinical management and patient adherence.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of current evidence.
  • Focused on dermatologic adverse events associated with JAK inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Acne-like eruptions are the most common side effect, showing dose-dependency.
  • Cutaneous infections, particularly herpes zoster, are significant.
  • Non-melanoma skin cancers are less frequent but noted, especially with ruxolitinib in hematologic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Dermatologic adverse events from JAK inhibitors are generally manageable.
  • Early recognition and dermatologic management are crucial for treatment adherence.
  • Awareness of these side effects supports safe JAK inhibitor use.