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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease

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Published on: May 27, 2022

SGLT2 Inhibitors in Cardio-Oncology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Luigi Spadafora¹, Marco Bernardi¹, Gianmarco Sarto²

¹Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; UOC UTIC Emodinamica e Cardiologia, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy.

|May 14, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show promise in reducing mortality and heart failure (HF) events in cancer patients. These findings suggest SGLT2i may offer significant cardioprotective benefits for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:

cardio-oncology heart failure sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors

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Published on: January 21, 2018

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Oncology
Pharmacology

Background:

Emerging evidence suggests sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) may provide cardioprotective effects in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Cancer patients face increased risks of cardiovascular complications, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of SGLT2i on all-cause mortality.
To assess the effect of SGLT2i on heart failure (HF) outcomes, including new-onset HF and HF hospitalizations.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase up to August 2025.
Random-effects models were employed to pool data from 13 observational studies involving 107,126 cancer patients.
Meta-regression analysis explored potential effect modification by concomitant medications, age, and sex.

Main Results:

SGLT2i use was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.38-0.58) and a composite HF outcome (RR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.29-0.78).
A notable decrease in the risk of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter was observed with SGLT2i (RR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.42-0.76).
No significant effect modification was found for background therapies, age, or sex on mortality or HF outcomes.

Conclusions:

SGLT2i appear to be safe and effective in reducing mortality and HF events in cancer patients.
Substantial heterogeneity across studies necessitates cautious interpretation of findings.
Further randomized controlled trials are required to validate these promising results.