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Updated: May 16, 2026

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
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Perioperative Systemic Treatment Options for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Jason R Brown1,2, Mamta Parikh3

  • 11University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and perioperative regimens, are improving survival for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Future research aims to optimize these treatments and explore non-surgical options.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urothelial Carcinomas
  • Bladder Cancer Treatment

Background:

  • Radical cystectomy is the standard for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
  • MIBC carries a high risk of recurrence and metastasis.
  • Systemic therapies have improved survival in MIBC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in systemic therapy for MIBC.
  • To discuss perioperative and biomarker-adapted approaches.
  • To explore future directions in MIBC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and perioperative systemic therapies.
  • Analysis of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition.
  • Examination of biomarker-adapted strategies using ctDNA.

Main Results:

  • Perioperative regimens like cisplatin/gemcitabine/durvalumab and enfortumab vedotin/pembrolizumab show significant survival benefits.
  • Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition improves disease-free survival in high-risk patients.
  • Biomarker-adapted approaches enhance identification of patients benefiting from adjuvant therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Perioperative systemic therapy is emerging as a dominant paradigm for MIBC.
  • Combining response-adaptive and perioperative strategies holds promise.
  • Future studies may identify patients eligible for cystectomy deferral.