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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture
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Published on: April 8, 2016

Evaluating T-cell clonality in skin using a quantitative TRBC1 clonality score.

Christoph Iselin1, Pacôme Prompsy1, Yi-Chien Tsai2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is difficult. This study shows T-cell receptor beta constant 1 (TRBC1) staining and a new TRBC1 Clonality-Score (TRBC1-CS) accurately identify CTCL in skin biopsies.

Keywords:
Clone cellsDiagnosis, differentialImmunohistochemistryLymphoma, T-cell, cutaneousReceptors, antigen, T-cell

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T and B Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Analysis using Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: January 12, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving skin T-cells, often misdiagnosed due to similar symptoms with inflammatory skin conditions.
  • Accurate diagnosis of CTCL is crucial for effective treatment and relies on identifying neoplastic T-cell clonality within skin biopsies.
  • Current diagnostic methods can be complex or lack sufficient specificity, necessitating improved tools for T-cell clonality assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate T-cell receptor beta constant 1 (TRBC1) as a reliable marker for assessing T-cell clonality in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) skin biopsies.
  • To develop and validate a quantitative method, the TRBC1 Clonality-Score (TRBC1-CS), for differentiating CTCL from benign dermatoses.
  • To establish a simplified immunofluorescence panel for practical clinical application in diagnosing CTCL.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data from CTCL skin lesions to understand TRBC1 expression patterns in T-helper (Th) cells.
  • Development of the TRBC1 Clonality-Score (TRBC1-CS) to quantify TRBC1 polarization in neoplastic T-cells.
  • Application of patient-specific TRBV mRNA probes and TRBC1 antibodies on FFPE skin samples, followed by validation using an independent cohort and comparison with PCR-based clonality assays.

Main Results:

  • Polarized TRBC1 expression was demonstrated in TRBV-defined clonal Th-cells within FFPE skin samples from CTCL patients.
  • The TRBC1-CS, derived from a simplified immunofluorescence panel, showed high specificity in distinguishing CTCL from benign dermatoses.
  • In an independent validation cohort, the TRBC1-CS exhibited superior specificity and positive predictive value compared to existing methods, including PCR-based assays.

Conclusions:

  • TRBC1 staining is a practical and highly specific marker for evaluating T-cell clonality in skin biopsies.
  • The TRBC1 Clonality-Score (TRBC1-CS) offers a robust and specific tool for the diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
  • This approach facilitates accurate differentiation between CTCL and inflammatory dermatoses, potentially improving early diagnosis and patient management.