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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
05:31

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Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Incomplete Vaccination in Swedish Two-Year-Olds-A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort

Cecilia Chrapkowska Almqvist1,2,3, Ilias Galanis4, Tiia Lepp2

  • 1Division of Paediatric Oncology, Dept of Women and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Socioeconomic factors like low income and single parenthood are linked to incomplete childhood vaccinations in Sweden. Targeted interventions are needed for vulnerable families, including those with children with disabilities, to improve vaccination rates.

Keywords:
National Immunisation Programmepreventive health servicessocial determinants of healthvaccination coverage

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10:57

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Published on: August 22, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Vaccination coverage is crucial for child health.
  • Socioeconomic disparities can impact public health interventions.
  • Sweden has a tax-funded national immunization program.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the association between socioeconomic factors and incomplete vaccination.
  • To identify specific risk factors for incomplete diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) and measles-containing vaccine (MCV) in Swedish children.

Main Methods:

  • Nationwide, population-based cohort study of 227,457 children born in Sweden (2014-2015).
  • Linked National Vaccination Register data with socioeconomic data.
  • Used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between family characteristics and vaccination status at 24 months.

Main Results:

  • 13.1% of children had incomplete DTP3 and 8.7% had incomplete MCV1.
  • Risk factors included low income, single parenthood, parental unemployment, residential mobility, and parental immigration.
  • Having a sibling with a disability or chronic disease was a novel risk factor for incomplete vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic disparities in vaccination coverage persist in Sweden despite a universal program.
  • Children in socially vulnerable families require targeted interventions.
  • Support for families with children with disabilities is needed to ensure full immunization.