Probiotics Cancer Interaction, Prevention, and Therapy

Cancer is a significant global health concern and ranks as the second most common cause of death on a worldwide scale. A combination of hereditary and lifestyle variables, such as diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, and the gut microbiota, impacts cancer development. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in gut microorganisms, can promote cancer. Conversely, probiotics have the potential to enhance gut health and restore immunological equilibrium. Prior research has demonstrated that probiotics exert a beneficial influence on gastrointestinal health and immunological function. Probiotics perform these beneficial actions by changing the kinds of bacteria that live in the gut, altering metabolic function, breaking down chemicals that cause cancer, enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, reducing inflammation, and stopping the production of compounds that cause cancer. This current comprehensive review underscores the need for innovative strategies to enhance cancer prevention and treatment, focusing on integrating probiotics into therapeutic approaches to mitigate the adverse effects of conventional cancer therapies, improve patient outcomes, and prevent cancer.