Association Between Preoperative Systemic Inflammatory Indices and Visual Outcomes After Cataract Surgery

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Immunology
• Biostatistics

Background:

• Cataract surgery is a common procedure with potential for visual complications.
• Systemic inflammation may influence surgical outcomes.
• Preoperative inflammatory indices are not well-established predictors of cataract surgery results.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the association between preoperative systemic inflammatory indices and poor visual outcomes after cataract surgery.
• Investigate the predictive value of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) for visual outcomes.
• Determine if these indices can aid in perioperative risk stratification.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 240 patients undergoing cataract surgery.
• Calculation of SII, SIRI, and AISI from preoperative complete blood counts.
• Analysis of poor visual outcomes at 4 weeks postoperatively using multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models.

Main Results:

• The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) showed a nonlinear association with poor visual outcomes.
• Higher SII tertiles and specific SII ranges were linked to increased odds of poor vision.
• Adjusted analyses revealed significant associations between SIRI and AISI and worse short-term visual outcomes.
• SII and AISI independently predicted poor postoperative vision.

Conclusions:

• Preoperative SII, SIRI, and AISI are significantly associated with worse short-term visual outcomes post-cataract surgery.
• These inflammatory indices, especially SII and AISI, may offer valuable clinical insights for perioperative risk assessment.
• Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and explore anti-inflammatory interventions.