Analysis of Intraoperative Frozen Section Findings of Thyroid Lesions in Xizang

Objective To analyze the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of thyroid lesions in Xizang and explore the methods and measures to improve the diagnosis accuracy. Methods The clinicopathological data of 371 patients with thyroid lesions surgically resected by four hospitals in Xizang from January 2020 to December 2024 were collected.With the paraffin section diagnosis after surgery as the standard,the accuracy,missed diagnosis rate,misdiagnosis rate,and delayed diagnosis rate of frozen section diagnosis were analyzed. Results The intraoperative frozen section diagnosis in 371 cases of thyroid lesions showed the accuracy of 95.42% (354/371),the missed diagnosis rate of 0.27% (1/371),the misdiagnosis rate of 0.54% (2/371),and the delayed diagnosis rate of 3.77% (14/371).One case was subjected to missed diagnosis,which was a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland.Two cases were misdiagnosed.One of them was diagnosed as malignant tumor during surgery but nodular goiter with atypical hyperplasia of follicular epithelium after surgery.The other case was diagnosed as medullary carcinoma during surgery but subacute thyroiditis after surgery. Conclusions Frozen section diagnosis is an important method for determining the benign or malignant nature of thyroid lesions during surgery.The diagnosis rates of follicular tumors and small lesions are low during surgery.Standardized sampling,improving the quality of frozen sections,and mastering the microscopic morphological characteristics and diagnostic criteria of frozen sections of thyroid lesions during surgery can improve the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis.