Targeting Stubborn Acne Vulgaris with Natural-based Nanoformulations: Bridging Traditional Medicines with Nanosystems

Acne vulgaris, a multifactorial dermatological condition, often presents significant therapeutic challenges due to antibiotic resistance, inadequate drug penetration, and adverse effects associated with conventional treatments, highlighting the need for efficient alternatives, such as naturalbased molecules. Recent advancements in natural molecules, recognized for their antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and sebum-regulating potential, have transformed acne management. Moreover, the integration of nanotechnology has further enhanced drug stability, controlled release, and targeted delivery, making herbal-based nanoformulations promising alternatives. This review comprehensively summarizes various nanocarrier systems, including metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, phytosomes, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs), Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs), polymeric nanoparticles, and Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs), emphasizing their role in acne management. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of recent innovations in herbal combination strategies, responsive nanosystems, mechanistic insights, patents, and clinical trials is provided, bridging the gap between research advancements and clinical translation. While these novel approaches hold great promise, challenges such as regulatory approval, large-scale production, and long-term safety must be addressed to facilitate their widespread clinical adoption. This review underscores the transformative potential of herbal nanoformulations, paving the way for next-generation acne therapeutics.