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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

3D Printing of In Vitro Hydrogel Microcarriers by Alternating Viscous-Inertial Force Jetting
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Published on: April 21, 2021

Perspectives on 3D-printed Tablets for Drug Release Systems.

Clara Dias de Castro Moreira da Silva1, Tatielle do Nascimento1, Alessandra Lifsitch Viçosa2

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

3D printing enables personalized medicine by creating custom oral drug doses. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is the leading technique for producing prolonged-release tablets, with drug release influenced by materials and design.

Keywords:
3D printed tabletsimmediate releasemodified releasemultifunctional release systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Oral solid dosage forms are widely used but lack dose flexibility.
  • Industrial-scale manufacturing limits customization.
  • 3D printing offers a solution for personalized medicine and tailored drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map and analyze the current landscape of 3D-printed drug delivery systems.
  • To review research articles on 3D printing technologies in pharmaceuticals.

Main Methods:

  • Integrative literature review.
  • Bibliometric analysis of research articles.
  • Databases searched: Science Direct, Springer, PubMed (Jan 2013 - May 2025).

Main Results:

  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) was the predominant 3D printing technique.
  • Prolonged-release tablets were the most common dosage form.
  • Drug release was primarily influenced by polymer type, printing method, and tablet design.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing provides a versatile platform for customized oral drug delivery.
  • Further research is needed on alternative printing techniques and translational studies.
  • Quality control and in vivo studies are crucial for future 3D-printed medicines.