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Geographic Information Systems as Data Sharing Infrastructure for Clinical Data Warehouses.

Daniel R Harris^1,2

¹Institute for Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40508, USA.

Journal of the Society for Clinical Data Management

|May 15, 2026

Summary

Researchers can now safely access enhanced patient location data for health research. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integration in data warehouses makes sharing valuable social determinants of health (SDOH) information feasible and ethical.

Keywords:

Data Sharing Data Warehousing Social Determinants of Health

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Area of Science:

Health Informatics
Geographic Information Systems
Public Health Research

Background:

Patient location data is crucial for understanding social determinants of health (SDOH) but is highly regulated due to privacy concerns.
A gap exists between the sensitivity of patient location data and its utility for research on neighborhood-level health impacts.
Existing regulations and ethical oversight protect patient privacy and human subjects, creating challenges for data accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe data warehousing solutions for the safe and ethical enhancement of patient location data.
To enable easier and more secure data sharing for health research.
To bridge the gap between data sensitivity and research utility for SDOH studies.

Main Methods:

Deployment of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a data warehousing service.
Importing and processing of patient addresses within the data warehouse.
Integration of de-identified demographic data from the United States Census Bureau.

Main Results:

Processed 1.3 million patient records, adding location-based data facets to the warehouse.
Enriched the data warehouse with de-identified demographic information corresponding to patient locations.
Facilitated research into the impact of location-driven SDOH on health outcomes.

Conclusions:

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) support is essential for clinical data warehouses.
Sharing derived, de-identified patient location data is feasible and highly beneficial for research.
Utilizing open-source software reduces adoption barriers and costs for deriving contextual data.