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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...

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Updated: May 16, 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
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Extended High-Dose Tofacitinib Induction Improves Clinical Response in Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Cohort

R Gilmore1,2, T Pham1,2, R G Fernandes1,2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology Mater Hospital Brisbane Australia.

JGH Open : an Open Access Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Extended induction with tofacitinib (Tofacitinib) for ulcerative colitis (UC) showed improved clinical response at 16 and 52 weeks. This real-world Australian study found tofacitinib effective and safe for UC patients.

Keywords:
Janus Kinase inhibitorextended inductiontofacitinibulcerative colitis

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Published on: January 22, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Tofacitinib, a Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is approved for ulcerative colitis (UC).
  • Optimal induction dosing for tofacitinib in UC remains unclear.
  • Real-world data is crucial for understanding treatment effectiveness beyond clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib in a real-world Australian UC cohort.
  • To compare standard 8-week induction with extended 16-week induction of tofacitinib.
  • To analyze clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, and adverse event outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Multicenter study of 124 moderate-to-severe UC patients initiating tofacitinib.
  • Data collected at baseline, weeks 8, 16, and 52.
  • Outcomes stratified by standard (8-week) versus extended (16-week) induction therapy.

Main Results:

  • Extended induction (60% of patients) showed significantly higher clinical response at week 16 (69% vs. 45%) and week 52 (75% vs. 54%) compared to standard induction (40% of patients).
  • Overall clinical response rates were 70% at week 8, 60% at week 16, and 68% at week 52.
  • Adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs occurred in 17% and 7% of patients, respectively, over 52 weeks. Herpes zoster was reported in 6% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Tofacitinib is effective in a real-world Australian UC population.
  • Extended induction dosing (16 weeks) of tofacitinib resulted in significantly higher clinical response at 16 and 52 weeks.
  • The safety profile of tofacitinib in this cohort was consistent with known data.