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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Published on: September 22, 2023

Sleep Deprivation Inhibits CD8⁺ T Cell Function by Elevating Galectin-9 Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Li Siwei^1,2, Pi Guoliang², Wang Jinglong³

¹Department of Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital, The Affliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China.

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

|May 15, 2026

Summary

Sleep deprivation worsens colorectal cancer by increasing Galectin-9 (Gal-9) and suppressing immune responses. Targeting Gal-9 with bispecific antibodies can restore antitumor immunity and reduce tumor growth in sleep-disrupted conditions.

Keywords:

T cell activation glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1)immune checkpoint blockade neoplasm immunity tumor infiltrating lymphocytes

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Published on: September 26, 2019

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Published on: September 22, 2023

A Murine Cell Line Based Model of Chronic CDK9 Inhibition to Study Widespread Non-Genetic Transcriptional Elongation Defects (TEdeff) in Cancers

A Murine Cell Line Based Model of Chronic CDK9 Inhibition to Study Widespread Non-Genetic Transcriptional Elongation Defects (TE^deff) in Cancers

Published on: September 26, 2019

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Sleep Science

Background:

Sleep disturbance is linked to impaired immune regulation and reduced cancer immunotherapy effectiveness.
Mechanisms by which sleep impacts colorectal cancer (CRC) and immunotherapy remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of sleep deprivation on colon cancer progression and immune responses.
To examine the specific role of Galectin-9 (Gal-9) in these processes.
To evaluate the therapeutic potential of a bispecific CD3/Gal-9 antibody.

Main Methods:

A murine CT26 colon carcinoma model was used to study tumor growth under sleep deprivation.
Mice received CT26 cells overexpressing Gal-9 or control cells.
Immune phenotyping via flow cytometry and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed.
A bispecific CD3/Gal-9 antibody was tested for therapeutic efficacy.

Main Results:

Sleep deprivation significantly increased tumor burden and induced immune suppression.
Elevated Gal-9 expression, increased regulatory T cells, and reduced cytotoxic T cells were observed.
The bispecific CD3/Gal-9 antibody treatment reversed these effects, reducing tumor growth and enhancing immune responses.

Conclusions:

Sleep deprivation promotes immune evasion and reduces immunotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer via Gal-9 pathways.
Targeting Gal-9 with bispecific antibodies shows promise for restoring immune function in sleep-disrupted cancer patients.
Maintaining sleep quality is crucial for cancer progression and may enhance immunotherapy outcomes.