Complications in Orthognathic Surgery

The study aimed to evaluate complications in orthognathic surgery in a teaching hospital in Brazil over 10 years. Medical records were collected of patients who underwent surgery in the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2024. The dependent variables were intraoperative and postoperative complications, and the surgical procedure performed (monomaxillary or bimaxillary surgery). They were evaluated and compared with the independent variables of age, sex, substance abuse, presence of paresthesia or complications, and regions of complication. Specific complications were characterized as bad split, dental or skeletal recurrence, hardware failure, breakage/fracture of a surgical instrument, dental or periodontal damage, hemorrhage, and "others". In the results, 183 orthognathic surgeries were included, with 31 participants having some complications, with 10 having intraoperative complications and 21 postoperative. No correlation was found between the complications and variables evaluated (P>0.05). Despite the limitations related to retrospective studies, the evaluation and disclosure of complications in orthognathic surgery are important for surgeons to understand the factors that contribute to their occurrence and how to avoid and treat them earlier and more effectively.