Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 17, 2026
06:25
Paw-Print Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Recordings (PrAnCER): A Low-Cost, Open-Access Automated Gait Analysis System for Assessing Motor Deficits
Published on: August 12, 2019
Changes in Community-level Pedestrian Stops Following Overdose Prevention Center Implementation in New York City: An
Ignacio Bórquez1, Bennett Allen1, Cale Basaraba1
1From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, Center for Opioid Epidemiology and Policy (COEP), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|May 15, 2026
Summary
Overdose prevention centers (OPCs) in NYC showed limited impact on pedestrian stops. East Harlem OPCs saw a potential decrease in stops, particularly in the first two years.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Urban Studies
Background:
- Overdose prevention centers (OPCs) aim to reduce public drug use and associated policing.
- This study examines the impact of two NYC OPCs on pedestrian stops in surrounding communities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess changes in pedestrian stops following the opening of two OPCs in New York City.
- To evaluate the effect of OPCs on policing of people who use drugs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an augmented synthetic control method to analyze pedestrian stop data.
- Data from NYPD's Stop, Question, and Frisk program (2017-2024) was used.
- Bimonthly averages were calculated within walking buffers around OPCs and donor sites.
Main Results:
- Washington Heights OPC opening was associated with a small reduction in pedestrian stops (5-min buffer).
- East Harlem OPC showed larger estimated reductions in pedestrian stops (5- and 10-min buffers).
- Permutation tests indicated reductions were within the range of placebo effects.
Conclusions:
- Limited evidence suggests OPCs significantly affect pedestrian stops in their immediate vicinity.
- A potential decrease in stops was observed in East Harlem, concentrated in the initial two years.
- Further research may be needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of OPCs on community policing.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Pharmacovigilance
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
01:15Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
01:27Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Such synergistic combinations...
00:59Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis
Noncompartmental analyses offer an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without relying on a specific compartmental model. In this approach, the drug's pharmacokinetics are assumed to be linear, with the terminal phase log-linear. This assumption allows for simplified analysis and interpretation of the drug's behavior in the body.
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This relationship...
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This relationship...
01:03Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with a...
01:12Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...