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Individual work performance questionnaire: Translation and validation in Chinese
Guihong Tang1, Safiah Omar1, Raida Abu Bakar1
1Faculty of Business and Economics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Plos One
|May 15, 2026
Summary
The Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) is validated for Chinese workers, showing strong reliability and predictive power for job accomplishment. This study confirms its suitability for assessing work performance in Chinese organizations.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Psychology
- Psychometrics
- Human Resource Management
Background:
- The Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) is a key tool for assessing work performance, including task, contextual, and counterproductive behaviors.
- Limited research exists on the IWPQ's psychometric properties within Chinese organizational settings.
- This study addresses the research gap by validating the IWPQ in China.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate the psychometric properties of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) among Chinese workers.
- To examine the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of the IWPQ in a Chinese organizational context.
- To assess the criterion-related validity of the IWPQ by correlating it with the PERMA framework's measure of accomplishment.
Main Methods:
- Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate model fit, factor loadings, reliability, and common method bias.
- Multigroup CFA assessed measurement invariance across gender subgroups.
- Structural equation modeling (SEM) in SmartPLS examined the correlation between IWPQ scores and accomplishment via the PERMA framework.
Main Results:
- The three-factor model of the IWPQ demonstrated strong psychometric properties, with high factor loadings (>0.70), reliability (CR > 0.70), and convergent validity (AVE > 0.50).
- Measurement invariance was confirmed across genders, indicating structural stability.
- A significant positive correlation (β = 0.511, p < 0.001) was found between overall individual work performance and accomplishment, supporting criterion validity.
Conclusions:
- The IWPQ is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring individual work performance in Chinese organizational contexts.
- The findings support the use of the IWPQ for assessing task performance, contextual performance, and counterproductive work behavior in China.
- The IWPQ demonstrates significant predictive capacity for employee accomplishment, aligning with positive psychology principles.
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