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Related Concept Videos

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model01:20

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...
Three-Compartment Open Model01:06

Three-Compartment Open Model

The three-compartment open model is a pharmacokinetic model used to describe the distribution and elimination of drugs following extravascular administration. It comprises a central compartment representing the plasma and two peripheral compartments. The highly perfused peripheral compartment represents organs and tissues with a rich blood supply, such as the liver, kidneys, and lungs. The scarcely perfused peripheral compartment represents tissues with lower blood supply, such as adipose...
Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments01:19

Body Water Content and Fluid Compartments

Life's biochemical processes occur within aqueous solutions. Solutes are substances that are dissolved within these solutions. The human body contains a variety of solutes, which can differ across various body parts. These can encompass proteins—such as those responsible for clotting and carbohydrate transport—as well as electrolytes. In medicine, an electrolyte is often described as a mineral ion derived from a salt possessing an electric charge. Examples include sodium ions (Na+) and chloride...
Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model01:14

Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

The single-compartment model serves as a simplified representation of the human body. This model assumes that the body functions as a single, well-mixed open compartment. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the body and quickly distributes uniformly. The drug then undergoes biotransformation and elimination, ultimately leaving the body. The volume of this compartment is referred to as the apparent volume of distribution into which the drug can uniformly distribute. In this...
Multicompartment Models: Overview01:14

Multicompartment Models: Overview

Multicompartment models are mathematical constructs that depict how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They segment the body into several compartments, symbolizing various physiological or anatomical areas connected through drug transfer processes such as absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination.
These models offer a more comprehensive representation of drug behavior in the body than one-compartment models. They accommodate the complexity of drug distribution,...
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...

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Updated: May 17, 2026

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging
06:48

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Published on: June 7, 2024

Agreement Between a Photograph-Based Five-Compartment Body Composition Model and a Three-Compartment Reference Among

Kworweinski Lafontant1, Sofea Smith1, Jack Livingston1

  • 1Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida; and.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new photograph-based body composition model (Bennett5C) shows agreement with a reference method in trained adults. However, practitioners should use corrected values cautiously due to wide limits of agreement.

Keywords:
3D imageanthropometricsbioimpedanceconcurrent validity

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Body Composition Analysis
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Multi-compartment models are the standard for body composition, but often require laboratory access.
  • A novel photogrammetry and bioelectrical impedance model (Bennett5C) has been proposed but requires validation.
  • Accessibility of laboratory-based body composition assessments remains a challenge for practitioners.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the agreement between the Bennett5C model and a Siri 3-compartment (Siri3C) reference method.
  • To evaluate the impact of corrections for total body water (TBW) and total body volume (TBV) on Bennett5C accuracy.
  • To validate the Bennett5C model in a cohort of trained adult functional training practitioners.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-two trained adult functional training practitioners (34 men, 18 women) participated in the study.
  • Body composition was assessed using the Bennett5C model and compared against a Siri3C reference.
  • Bland-Altman analyses and concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) were employed to determine agreement.

Main Results:

  • The corrected Bennett5C model underestimated fat mass (bias = 1.48 kg) and overestimated fat-free mass (bias = -1.48 kg) significantly.
  • The uncorrected Bennett5C model showed significant differences from Siri3C and produced negative body composition values in some subjects.
  • Corrected total body volume (TBV) demonstrated excellent agreement with air displacement plethysmography (CCC = 0.997).

Conclusions:

  • The corrected Bennett5C model can be used by practitioners to estimate body composition in trained populations.
  • Practitioners should be aware of the wide limits of agreement and potential biases in fat mass and fat-free mass estimations.
  • Further research may be needed to refine equations for improved accuracy within specific trained populations.