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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...

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Updated: May 17, 2026

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
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Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

Interactions Between ADIPOQ rs1501299 Polymorphism, Dietary Macronutrient Composition, and Gastric Cancer Risk:

Vu Anh Trong Dam1, Madhawa Gunathilake2, Jeonghee Lee2

  • 1Department of Public Health & AI, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.

Journal of the American Nutrition Association
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Higher Ketogenic Ratio (KR) and Simplified Ketogenic Ratio (sKR) intake are linked to lower gastric cancer (GC) risk. The ADIPOQ rs1501299 genotype modifies this association, particularly in overweight/obese individuals.

Keywords:
Adiponectindietary macronutrient compositiongastric cancergene-diet interaction

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Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
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Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform

Published on: May 10, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The relationship between macronutrient balance and gastric cancer (GC) risk is not well understood.
  • Composite indicators like the Ketogenic Ratio (KR) and Simplified Ketogenic Ratio (sKR) offer insights into dietary patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between KR and sKR with GC risk.
  • To examine if the ADIPOQ rs1501299 genotype modifies the KR/sKR-GC risk relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based case-control study involving 376 GC cases and 752 controls.
  • Dietary intake assessed via a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.
  • Logistic regression and interaction analyses were employed.

Main Results:

  • Higher KR and sKR were significantly associated with reduced GC risk (KR OR=0.64; sKR OR=0.59).
  • A significant gene-diet interaction was found for sKR and GC risk among overweight/obese individuals with specific ADIPOQ rs1501299 genotypes (OR=0.33).
  • The ADIPOQ rs1501299 polymorphism alone did not affect GC risk.

Conclusions:

  • Increased KR and sKR intake correlate with a lower risk of gastric cancer.
  • The ADIPOQ rs1501299 genotype plays a significant role in modifying the sKR-GC risk association, especially in overweight/obese populations.
  • Further research is needed to validate nutritional measurements and explore gene-diet interaction pathways.