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Stability of minute virus of mice to chemical and physical agents
Abstract:
Minute virus of mice (MVM), a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid Parvovirus, was subjected to various inactivation procedures, including chemical disinfectants, heat, and ultraviolet radiation. MVM was found to be less stable than has been reported for other Parvoviruses. This virus was readily inactivated by a variety of chemical disinfectants, including alcohols, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and chloroform. MVM was more sensitive to ultraviolet radiation than was Kilham's rat virus. MVM was more sensitive to heating at temperatures of 35 to 100 C than has been reported for other Parvoviruses. More than 95% of MVM infectivity was inactivated by heating (45, 60, or 100 C) for 60 min, acid (pH 2.0) treatment, or ultraviolet radiation treatment, although a small percentage (less than 2%) of the virus preparation was found to be resistant to these treatments. In addition, more than 99% of the infectivity of MVM was lost after storage at 4C for 10 weeks, although the virus was stable on storage in liquid nitrogen.
Insights
Minute virus of mice (MVM) is a parvovirus that is less stable than other parvoviruses. MVM is readily inactivated by disinfectants, heat, and UV radiation, but a small fraction may resist inactivation.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Minute virus of mice (MVM) is a non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA parvovirus.
- Parvoviruses are known for their stability, posing challenges in disinfection and sterilization protocols.
- Understanding MVM's inactivation susceptibility is crucial for laboratory safety and experimental design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the inactivation efficacy of various physical and chemical agents on Minute virus of mice (MVM).
- To compare the stability of MVM with other reported parvoviruses.
- To identify optimal inactivation methods for MVM in research settings.
Main Methods:
- MVM was exposed to chemical disinfectants (alcohols, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, chloroform).
- Thermal inactivation was assessed at temperatures ranging from 35°C to 100°C.
- Ultraviolet (UV) radiation and acid (pH 2.0) treatments were applied.
- Virus infectivity was quantified before and after each treatment.
Main Results:
- MVM demonstrated lower stability compared to other parvoviruses.
- Chemical disinfectants, heat (45-100°C for 60 min), UV radiation, and acid treatment inactivated over 95% of MVM infectivity.
- A small fraction (<2%) of MVM exhibited resistance to these inactivation methods.
- MVM infectivity decreased by over 99% after 10 weeks at 4°C, but remained stable in liquid nitrogen.
Conclusions:
- Minute virus of mice (MVM) is susceptible to a broad range of common inactivation methods.
- Standard disinfection protocols are generally effective against MVM, though complete inactivation requires careful consideration of resistant viral fractions.
- Long-term storage at 4°C significantly reduces MVM infectivity, while liquid nitrogen ensures stability.