Neural grid control systems with predictive transient stability enhancement enabling 100 percent renewable...

The galloping movement toward completely renewable power systems means that new control architectures are needed that can cope with increased variability to date whilst maintaining short-lived stability in low-inertia networks. This paper presents a Neural Grid Control System (NGCS) that combines physics-informed graph attention networks with hierarchical multi-agent reinforcement learning to provide enhanced predictive transient stability and achieve real-time topology reconfiguration. The proposed architecture uses a spatiotemporal graph encoder, which is able to capture the dynamic electrical coupling at grid-forming converter-dominated networks and embeds the physical constraints of swing equation within the learning architecture to ensure physical consistency. An intelligent layer with novel distributed intelligence enables autonomous agents at the autonomous substation level to synchronize topology-switching behavior using consensus-based communication schemes, where a centralized meta-controller coordinates system-wide stability goals. The proposed NGCS demonstrates 94.7% transient stability classification accuracy, achieves inference in 12 ms, and provides a 340 computational speedup compared to conventional time-domain simulation, enabling real-time topology reconfiguration in fully inverter-based grids. These results indicate that NGCS is a promising framework for fast transient-stability assessment and coordinated corrective control in converter-dominated power systems.