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Related Concept Videos

The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

Polymerase face-off: emerging concepts in transcription-replication coordination.

Sidrit Uruci1, Maxime Lalonde2, Martijn S Luijsterburg1

  • 1Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

EMBO Reports
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs) threaten genome stability. This review explores how cells manage TRCs, their link to cancer, and the need for better detection technologies for therapeutic advancements.

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs) occur when DNA replication forks meet transcribing RNA polymerases.
  • These conflicts destabilize genomes by disrupting replication, transcription, and chromatin structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of how cells coordinate replication and transcription to prevent TRCs.
  • To highlight the role of RNA polymerase II dynamics in TRC prevention and resolution.
  • To discuss the implications of TRCs in cancer and their potential as therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on transcription-replication conflicts.
  • Analysis of genome maintenance pathways involved in TRC resolution.
  • Discussion of technological challenges in TRC detection and analysis.

Main Results:

  • Cells employ intricate mechanisms involving RNA polymerase II dynamics and genome maintenance pathways to manage TRCs.
  • Dysregulated TRCs are exploited by cancers, making conflict resolution a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Current technologies limit the study of dynamic TRC events.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding TRC resolution is critical for cancer therapy and genome regulation.
  • Advancements in imaging and sequencing are needed to study TRC dynamics.
  • Targeting TRC resolution pathways offers potential for precision oncology.