Black Soldier Fly: A sustainable insect for waste valorisation and resource recovery

The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) is globally acknowledged for its potential to transform organic waste into high-value products. The article has identified and evaluated the valuable produce from various stages of BSF, and comprehended the methods for valuable extractions. The innovative potential of BSF valuables is derived using Patentscope - a patent database from World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Geneva. A total of 591 patent records were derived, and recent patents in year 2025 were summarized along with their key features. Following that, this narrative review has given special attention towards 169 targets of UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) attainment. On closure observation of all the reviewed literature, it is apparent that various researchers had aligned BSF valuables to a selected few SDGs only. Based on that, the present article focused on to BSF valuables mapping with 169 targets of all 17 SDGs. Each target in SDGs is quantified on a scale of 1 to 10 where, scale 1 is the lowest and 10 is the highest, while 0 is given where no connection is possible. BSF-based value chains show the highest contribution potential to SDG 12, 2, 9, 1 and 13 under the proposed scoring framework. This article derived the BSF success stories from fifteen nations. At the last, this article comprehended the policy intervention based on success stories and constrains to achieve targets of sustainable global goals. In a nutshell, this article worked out the innovations in BSF, and mapped successfully BSF valuable with 169 targets of 17 SDGs.