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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
06:59

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation

Published on: February 29, 2020

Partitioned Internal Auditory Canal: Association With Cochlear Aperture Anomalies.

Levent Sennaroğlu1, Emel Tahir2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

The Laryngoscope
|May 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Partitioned internal auditory canal (IAC) is linked to cochlear aperture abnormalities and narrow IAC. This inner ear malformation often involves cochlear nerve (CN) deficiency, impacting facial nerve development.

Keywords:
cochleacochlear implantationcochlear nervefacial nerveinner earinternal auditory canaltemporal bone

More Related Videos

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol
06:42

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol

Published on: August 18, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
06:59

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation

Published on: February 29, 2020

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol
06:42

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol

Published on: August 18, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging
  • Otolaryngology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Partitioned internal auditory canal (IAC) is a rare inner ear malformation.
  • Understanding its association with other inner ear abnormalities is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between partitioned IAC and inner ear abnormalities, including cochlear aperture (CA) and cochlear nerve (CN) status.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of temporal bone CT and MRI scans from patients with partitioned IAC.
  • Classification of IAC diameter, CA diameter (normal, stenotic, atretic), and CN status (normal, hypoplastic, aplastic).

Main Results:

  • Partitioned IAC occurred in 1.1% of normal CA ears, 14.9% of stenotic CA ears, and 20.9% of atretic CA ears.
  • Partitioned IAC was frequently associated with narrow IAC and cochlear nerve deficiency (aplasia or hypoplasia).

Conclusions:

  • Partitioned IAC is an inner ear malformation characterized by cochlear nerve deficiency.
  • CN deficiency and CA abnormalities may lead to aberrant facial nerve development within a separate bony canal.